Author:
Hilborn, Ray, 1947-
Imprint:Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, c2012.
Descriptionxviii, 150 p. ; 21 cm.
Note:1. Overfishing -- What is overfishing? -- What is a sustainable harvest? -- Can fisheries be sustainably harvested? -- Is overfishing a new problem -- Why does sustainable fishing reduce the number of fish in the ocean? -- What is a collapsed fishery? -- What happened to the Canadian cod? -- Why did the Canadian cod collapse -- Are all cod fisheries collapsed? -- 2. Historical overfishing -- Is overfishing a new problem? -- Can whales be sustainably harvested? -- How do we estimate the abundance of animals in the ocean? -- Can scientists estimate the sustainable yield? -- Is there any value in Japanese "research whaling"? -- Is depleting one population and moving on to the next a common problem? -- 3. Recovery of fisheries -- Can fish stocks recover from overfishing? -- How important is habitat to fish populations? -- What about the enormous numbers seen by John Smith? -- What is the difference between recruitment overfishing and growth overfishing? -- Can recreational and commercial fisheries co-exist? -- 4. Modern industrial fisheries management -- What is an example of a well-managed fishery? -- What is different about the pollock fishery that makes it such a good example of sustainable management? -- Why does the allowable catch change so much from year to year? -- What is a stock assessment? -- What is an observer program? -- Why are there not more observer programs in world fisheries? -- What is a certified fishery? -- Why do some NGOs believe the Eastern Bering Sea pollock fishery is not well managed? -- 5. Economic overfishing -- Is overfishing only a biological problem? -- What are individual fishermen's quotas, the IFQs? -- What are the benefits of IFQs? -- What are the negative impacts of IFQs? -- What is economic overfishing? -- How economically efficient are world fisheries in general? -- How do we prevent economic overfishing? -- Are there ways to prevent the tragedy of the commons without privatizing fisheries? -- What are community development quotas? -- How does sector allocation work? -- What other mechanisms have been used to allocate fish? -- 6. Climate and fisheries -- How does climate affect fish populations? -- Are many fisheries affected by climate? -- Are there other fisheries where we can look at hundreds of years of history before fishing started? -- How can we tell if a fishery is declining because of climate or fishing pressure? -- What are going to be the impacts on fisheries from a warming ocean? -- What will be the impacts of ocean acidification? -- 7. Mixed fisheries -- Do fisheries catch one species or more? -- What determines how hard a fish species can be harvested? -- How do we balance harvesting high- and low-productivity species in mixed fisheries? -- What is "underfishing"? -- Is it better to give up potential yield of productive species to keep unproductive species at high abundance? -- How can we manage fisheries to reduce the mixed nature of the fishery? -- 8. High seas fisheries -- What is the status of bluefin tuna that were proposed for CITES listing? -- What is the status of tuna around the world? -- Have some international fisheries management organizations been successful? -- Why are some tuna stocks underexploited and others overexploited? -- Is there hope for managing these high-seas fisheries? -- 9. Deepwater fisheries -- What happened to the orange roughy stocks? -- Can very slow-growing fish like orange roughy be sustainably managed? -- What is the experience with orange roughy in other countries? -- Does closing large sections of New Zealand's economic zone assure the sustainability of orange roughy? -- Should we have left potential orange roughy stocks unfished until we know more about their biology and ecosystem? -- How should we deal with new resources when their biology and sustainability are highly uncertain? -- 10. Recreational fisheries -- Are recreational fisheries fundamentally different from commercial fisheries? -- What is the scale of recreational fishing in the United States and Europe? -- How does recreational fish management differ from management of commercial fisheries? -- How is management different for freshwater recreational fisheries and saltwater recreational fisheries? -- Does recreational fishing play a role in overfishing? -- 11. Small-scale and artisanal fisheries -- Many of the fisheries of the world are small scale : how can they be managed? -- Is Chile typical of small-scale fisheries? -- How were fisheries managed prior to modern governmental fisheries agencies? -- What are the characteristics of territorial fishing rights? -- What are the general lessons for successful management of small-scale fisheries? -- 12. Illegal fishing -- Is illegal fishing an important problem in overfishing? -- Is the illegal fishing of Patagonian toothfish unusual? -- How can some toothfish fisheries be certified as well managed while substantial illegal harvesting continues? -- What methods can be used to reduce illegal fishing in international waters? -- 13. Trawling impacts on ecosystems -- How do trawls and dredges work and why are they still used to catch fish? -- Is trawling the ocean like clear-cutting the forest? -- How long do ecosystems take to recover from trawling? -- Are there alternatives to trawling and dredging as ways to catch fish? -- 14. Marine protected areas -- What are marine protected areas? -- What do marine protected areas protect? -- How much of the world's oceans are now closed to fishing? -- What is the impact of closing areas to fishing? -- Do MPAs increase the abundance of fish? -- Can MPAs solve some of the problems of overfishing? -- How much of the ocean should be set aside as protected from fishing? -- 15. Ecosystem impacts of fishing -- How does overfishing affect ecosystems? -- Are coral reefs particularly sensitive to fishing? -- What is a trophic cascade? -- Do forage fish need special protection? -- What is by-catch and how important is it? -- How does ecosystem-based management differ from single-species management? -- What is the precautionary approach to fisheries management? -- How many marine fish species are threatened with extinction? -- 16. The status of overfishing -- Are the world's stocks overfished? -- what characterizes countries that have managed their fisheries well and those that have not? -- How important are subsidies in the current problem with fisheries? -- Is consumer action and certification important in stopping overfishing? -- How do the environmental costs of fishing compare to those of livestock? -- Should we all become vegetarians? -- What is needed to stop overfishing?
Bibliography Note:Includes bibliographical references (p. [131]-139) and index.
