Author:
Yuan, Sarah Y.
Imprint:San Rafael, Calif. (1537 Fourth Street, San Rafael, CA 94901 USA) : Morgan & Claypool, c2011.
Description1 electronic text (xi, 146 p.) : ill., digital file.
Note:Part of: Colloquium digital library of life sciences.
Note:Series from website.
Note:1. Introduction --
Note:2. Structure and function of exchange microvessels -- Microvascular blood-tissue exchange -- Physical forces governing fluid filtration -- Solute transport across the microvascular wall -- Convection vs. diffusion -- The capillary pore theory -- Physiological factors affecting fluid/solute flux -- Hemodynamics -- Lymphatic drainage -- Endothelial barrier properties -- Leukocytes and endothelial barriers --
Note:3. Methods for measuring permeability -- Analysis of fluid filtration (Kf ) -- Measuring Kf in intact tissues -- Analysis of hydraulic conductivity (Lp) -- Measuring Lp with colorimetric dyes -- Analysis of solute permeability coefficient (Ps) -- The isolated, perfused microvessel technique -- Analysis of the osmotic reflection coefficient ([sigma]) -- General indicators of plasma extravasation -- Intravital microscopic measurement of transvascular flux -- Assessment of barrier function in cultured endothelial cells -- Transwell solute flux assays -- Transendothelial electrical resistance measurements --
Note:4. The endothelial barrier -- Transcellular permeability: vesicular transcytosis -- Paracellular permeability: cell-cell junctions -- Adherens junctions -- Tight junctions -- Extracellular barriers: focal adhesions -- The endothelial cytoskeleton -- Microtubules -- Intermediate filaments -- Actin filaments -- Actomyosin contractile machinery --
Note:5. Signaling mechanisms in the regulation of endothelial permeability -- Initiation of signaling: endothelial receptors -- Receptor tyrosine kinases -- G-protein-coupled receptors -- Integrin receptors -- Intracellular signal transduction: second messengers -- Calcium -- Camp -- No-CGMP -- Protein kinases and phosphatases -- Myosin light-chain kinase -- Myosin light-chain phosphatase -- Src family kinases -- Protein kinase C -- Focal adhesion kinase -- Small GTPases -- Proteases and the extracellular matrix -- MMPs -- ADAMs -- Fibrinogen --
Note:6. Endothelial barrier protectors -- Phospholipids -- Sphingosine-1-phosphate -- Activated protein C -- Angiopoietins --
Note:7. Pathophysiology and clinical relevance -- Burn edema -- ALI/ARDS and sepsis -- Ischemia-reperfusion injury -- Diabetes mellitus -- Tumor angiogenesis and metastatic migration --
Note:Conclusion -- References.
Bibliography Note:Includes bibliographical references (p. 107-146).
Note:The vascular endothelium lining the inner surface of blood vessels serves as the first interface for circulating blood components to interact with cells of the vascular wall and surrounding extravascular tissues. In addition to regulating blood delivery and perfusion, a major function of vascular endothelia, especially those in exchange microvessels (capillaries and postcapillary venules), is to provide a semipermeable barrier that controls blood-tissue exchange of fluids, nutrients, and metabolic wastes while preventing pathogens or harmful materials in the circulation from entering into tissues. During host defense against infection or tissue injury, endothelial barrier dysfunction occurs as a consequence as well as cause of inflammatory responses. Plasma leakage disturbs fluid homeostasis and impairs tissue oxygenation, a pathophysiological process contributing to multiple organ dysfunction associated with trauma, infection, metabolic disorder, and other forms of disease. In this book, we provide an updated overview of microvascular endothelial barrier structure and function in health and disease. The discussion is initiated with the basic physiological principles of fluid and solute transport across microvascular endothelium, followed by detailed information on endothelial cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions and the experimental techniques that are employed to measure endothelial permeability. Further discussion focuses on the signaling and molecular mechanisms of endothelial barrier responses to various stimulations or drugs, as well as their relevance to several common clinical conditions. Taken together, this book provides a comprehensive analysis of microvascular endothelial cell and molecular pathophysiology. Such information will assist scientists and clinicians in advanced basic and clinical research for improved health care.
E-Resource:Electronic resource:
Click for access to full text electronic version of this title.
